Propagation is the elasticity of the lifeline's failure with respect to the grid's. Plot either lifeline against any dose, filter by storm or era, drop the silent windows, and compare the least-squares line on screen with the paper's fitted curve and the model tables below.

The paper's models carry county and storm fixed effects and cluster errors by county; the on-screen line does neither and is a reading aid. The nested wind-or-wire models use the seven storms with track exposure from the companion restoration study.